Qatar

Qatar is a country barren, dry and hot. But who would have thought that the country barren like this save natural resources such as oil and gas are abundant. By maximizing the natural wealth of the country Qatar can build a lot of buildings and business centers are becoming an important business in the central Arabian peninsula

Qatar is a small Arab country located in Southwest Asia. The country is part of a region known as the Middle East. Qatar is located in the Arabian Peninsula, in the Persian Gulf coast. This country land borders with Saudi Arabia. The island nation, Bahrain, located in the northwest.

Qatar region is largely desert. Over the centuries, people's lives depend on the activities of herding camels and other livestock, fishing, and diving to get pearls in the Persian Gulf. However, in 1939, large oil reserves found underground Qatar barren. This discovery changed the Qatar from a poor country into one that is very prosperous in the world.

Qatar has long held by the ruler of Bahrain. In 1872, Qatar is under the domination of the Ottoman Turks, who controlled the region of the peninsula. However, Turkey expelled by the British during World War I (1914-1918).

In 1916, Britain signed an agreement with Qatar. The treaty brought the region under British protection and recognizes the Al Thani family as hereditary ruler of Qatar. UK voluntarily terminate the agreement in 1971, and Qatar gained full independence. Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani came to power in 1972 and gradually bring the Qatar oil industry is under personal control. In 1995, Sheikh Khalifa was overthrown by his son, Crown Prince Hamad, in a bloodless coup.

At least one in four residents of Qatar is a native of Qatar. Most of the population of Qatar made up of foreigners working in the country's oil industry. Most foreign workers come from countries of the Middle East and from Pakistan and India. Some Europeans and Americans also worked as a technician for the oil industry. Of oil revenues enabled the government of Qatar for the welfare of its people. These efforts include free health care and government-supported housing.

Arabic is the official language of the state of Qatar. English is also used, especially in business. Most of the population of Qatar are Muslims. Islam is the official state religion. In Qatar, a free education. School children also get food, transportation, and free clothing. Scholarships are available for qualified students to study abroad or at Qatar University in Doha.

Qatar include Qatar Peninsula region and a number of small islands in the Persian Gulf. The peninsula about 160 kilometers in length and a width of about 90 kilometers. In addition to some low hills on the west coast, the landscape of Qatar mostly flat and sandy regions. The only source of mineral Qatar is a very important reserves of oil and natural gas. Summer in Qatar is very hot, with an average temperature of 42 ° C. While the winter temperature is much cooler, 15 ° C. Little rain fell in the country.

Qatar began exporting large amounts of oil in the 1950s. This day of crude oil and natural gas make up around 85 percent of the country's export earnings. And oil industries employ the majority of the workforce. Qatar main manufactured products include refined petroleum, liquefied natural gas, fertilizers, petrochemicals, and steel.

Wheat, vegetables and fruits grown in this country. However, most food must be imported because agriculture is limited by the dry climate and lack of arable land. The fishing industry to process fish and shellfish harvested in the Persian Gulf.

Doha, the capital and largest city, is home to about 75 percent of the population of Qatar. Situated on the east coast of Qatar, Doha at one time was a small fishing village. The city grew rapidly after the discovery of oil. Two other cities are also growing as a result of the oil industry. Dukhan is located in a place where the first oil deposits discovered. Umm Sa'id was an important port on the east coast are associated with the Dukhan oil fields through the pipeline.

Qatar government system is a traditional monarchy, ruled by an emir (prince). Government based on a constitution that was approved in 2003. The revised Constitution states that most of the power in the hands of the ruling family. But the constitution for the first time also mandates the separation of executive, legislative, and judicial branches. To assist the duties of the executive, the king appointed a cabinet, called the Council of Ministers.

The prime minister serves as the head of government. The legislature, the Majlis al-Shura (Advisory Council), has 45 members. They are empowered to draft legislation and approve the proposed budget. Two-thirds of the board members elected by the people; the rest appointed by the emir.


Per capita income: $ 102.211
GDP: $ 204.45 Billion
Population: 1.8 million

Luxembourg

Luxembourg is in second place of the 10 richest countries in the world. This country is a small country located in Europe. Luxembourg is a country that has income from industrial and financial fields. Indstri financially very well known in this country and top in running the business. And also why the country is referred to as the richest country in the world because Luxembourg is a country that is healthy, healthy of corruption and nepotism.

Working abroad sounds like an adventure for many people. However, finding a job in Luxembourg requires more than just clear the Luxembourg CV writing and translation, requires preparation. You will have problems that may not even come to your mind when you decided to get a job Luxembourg.

Do not take too lightly the influence that working in Luxembourg may have the effect of your adventure! For example, you will experience a different immigration rules and practices, odd job application procedures, criteria for selection of candidates for foreign and unusual management culture.

art_warning Luxembourg EkonomiKebanyakan visit to Luxembourg is problem-free, but you must be aware of the global risk of international terrorist attacks indiscriminately, which could be against civilian targets, including places frequented by foreigners.

Luxembourg economy - Overview: This is a stable, high-income economies - the benefits of its proximity to France, Belgium and Germany - features solid growth, low inflation, and low unemployment. The industrial sector, initially dominated by steel, has become increasingly diversified to include chemicals, rubber, and other products.

Growth in the financial sector, which now accounts for about 28% of GDP, has more than compensated for the decline in steel. Most banks are foreign owned and have extensive foreign relations, but Luxembourg has lost some of the gains as a tax haven because of OECD and European Union pressure.

Agriculture is based on small family-owned farms. Economy depends on foreign workers and cross-border approximately 60% of the workforce. Although Luxembourg, like all EU members, experienced a global economic downturn at the beginning of this decade, the country continues to enjoy a very high standard of living - GDP per capita ranks second in the world after Qatar.

The turmoil in world financial markets and lower global demand during 2008-09 prompted the government to inject capital into the banking sector and implement stimulus measures to boost the economy. Government stimulus measures and support for the banking sector, however, led to the government budget deficit to 5% in 2009. However, the deficit was cut to 1.1% in 2011.

Even during the financial crisis and recovery, Luxembourg retain the highest current account surplus as a share of GDP in the euro zone, due largely to their strengths in financial services. Public debt remains one of the lowest in the region although it has more than doubled since 2007 as a percentage of GDP.

Labor force - by occupation: agriculture: 1.2%, industry: 20.9%, services: (. 77.9 est) 2005%

The unemployment rate: 6% (2011 est.), 4.7% (2008 est.), 4.1% (2002 est.)

Natural resources: iron ore (no longer exploited), wetlands

Industry: banking, iron and steel, food processing, chemicals, metal products, engineering, tires, glass, aluminum


Per capita income: 79.785
GDP: $ 42.2 billion
Population: 500 Thousand

Singapore

In the 14th century Sang Nila Utama, a queen from Palembang (capital of the kingdom of Srivijaya) saw a lion while hunting on an island, on the way keMalaka, when it was his eyes fixed on an animal he had never met before the island was later known as the port Temasek, which later became Singapore. Regards this as a good sign, he then founded a city where the animal was found, and named "Lion City" or Singapore, which is taken from the Sanskrit "Simha" (lion) and "pura" (town).
The most important period in the history of Singapore next to the 19th century, when modern Singapore was established. At that time, Singapore has become a trading center which has great potential in the waterway, so England were aware of the need to have ports in the region, in which the English merchants require a strategic place to replenish supplies, a haven to protect the merchant fleet kingdom growing rapidly at that time, and to resist the advance of the Netherlands enter this area.
In 1819, Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles landed the main island are now established raffles statue to commemorate the services of Sir Stamford Raffles.Melihat he visited Temasek potential is very strategic. Raffless cooperation with Sultan Hussein Shah as a representative of the British East India Company to develop Singapore as regional trade and settlement. Until finally Raffles known as the founder and laid the foundations of the State Singapore.
peace and prosperity of this country suffered a severe blow during World War II In 1959 the aircraft was attacked by the Japanese on December 8, 1941. Although the first Singapore is regarded as an invincible fortress, eventually fell in the invasion of Japan on February 15 1942.Singapore occupied by the Japanese and used as a center of Japanese invasion strategy to pacific.Sampai region today, peningalan the colonial period still could be witnessed island of Sentosa.
in 1963 after gaining independence from Britain. in the same year Singapore joined Malaysia, Sabah, and Sarawak to form a separate independent state led by the First Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew, who became known as People of the State Development modern Singapore.

Geographical
Geographically, Singapore is Malay peninsula bordered by Malaysia and Indonesia. Has an area of ​​710km. Singapore became the smallest city-state in the region of Southeast Asia. Despite its small size, Singapore has a very large existence in the world today with the free trade economy and highly efficient workforce. In addition, the strategic location of the region enabled it to become a hub port along major shipping route.
In addition to having a strong business infrastructure and favorable economic climate, another factor for Singapore's rapid growth is stable and competent government. Singapore is a parliamentary republic with a political system based on democracy

Time
Singapore has 63pulau, including the main island of Singapore. Singapore standard time is GMT +8 hours or faster 1 than GMT. Actually, the timing is somewhat strange considering the sun rises in the East. Singapore which is the west should be slower than the GMT time. But it seems deliberate that Singapore society accustomed to waking up in the morning and work more than the population of the neighbor countries.

Language
official language in the constitution of Singapore are English, Mandarin, Malay and Tamil. Malay is the national language of Singapore, but English is the language used for business, government and in school. English in Singapore undergo changes that affect the accent, pronunciation, and structure. This causes the uniqueness of Singapore English known as Singlish or Singporean English.

Population
+/- Singapore population numbered 5,399,000 inhabitants (based on the 2013 census) with a growth rate of 1.6% in 2013. Women are the largest population diSingapore the number of inhabitants 2,691,384 representing 5.66% and men amounted to 2,621,016 inhabitants. Singpore composed of various ethnicities. The largest ethnic 75% are ethnic Chinese, 14% Malays and Indians 9%. The official language is English and Mandarin, Malay and Hindi.

Religion
Singapore based statistical population 50% are Buddhist or Taoist, 15% Christian and 14% Muslim. and the rest Hindu religion lain.walaupun diverse population, almost never found riots or disputes between religious communities. disingapore very regular life safe and calm.

Transportation
Transport in Singapore is among the most organized and comfortable. There are several options that can be used transporatasi, including taxi, bus and MRT which is very familiar public transport used by the local community and tourists.

Per capita income: $ 60, 410
GDP: $ 326 billion
Population: 5.4 million

Norwegia

The main power source in Norway are marine, hydropower, petroleum and natural gas. Export earnings from oil and gas has risen to almost 50% of total exports and constitute more than 20% of GDP. Norway is the country's fifth largest oil exporter and third largest gas exporter in the world. Almost every part of Norway near the sea or the Norwegian fjords and the income derived from the livelihoods of many in the water as fishermen or sailors. Rivers and mountains are ideal for the development of hydroelectric power plants, which generate almost all electricity in the country.

Norway has extensive waterpower resources. During the 20th century Norway began utilizing the immense power of the many rivers flowing through steep mountains in the country, the used to generate electricity. To this day, Norway produces large amounts of hydroelectric power, which is consumed by the country, which is highly dependent on the energy and industrial electrochemical Electrometallurgical.

Norway is one org2 favorite countries in the world, BTP ill! The state of the world Sky Travel BYK sport facilities / infrastructure that is free, such as:

1. Education
Education in Negri sky is quite free, ranging from basic skolah sd. College.

2. Work
If in our country mencri pkerjaan sngatlah difficult tp dg another case in Norway, job stmpat resolved by the local government, and the need to worry tk org following its BYK dg job skills by the individuals themselves.
And that lbh hbtnya more people who live in Norway bkn type org yg lazy, because pretty easy job, but they will react dg org2 gratitude, namely dg hard work.

3. The cost of the hospital.
Hospital costs classified as free, bgi that elderly, or who are less able, like melahrkan etc.

4. Retired
If we get a pension in the country hy jd pgawai country. Her other things in the land of snow, almost smua fropesi got retired both private / country.


Income per capita: $ 55.009
GDP: 271 billion
Population: 5 million

United States of America

Reign
International name of the United States is the United States of America (USA). True to its name (union), the United States consists of 50 states. Two states, Alaska and Hawaii that is located apart from other states. Alaska is located in southwest Canada, and Hawaii lies even further, which is in the middle of the Pacific Ocean.

Each state has the right to set up an autonomous or sendri territory, except in defense and foreign policy, which is set by the central government. The United States is a republic federation with the capital Washington DC (Distric of Columbia), located in the state of Virginia.

United States presidential palace is the White House. President of the United States today is Barack Obama through the presidential election of 7 November 2012.

The United States is one of the countries on the American continent especially North America. At first, the area around the Arctic Sea was inhabited by Eskimos and Indian.Baru the 15th century the people of Western Europe (especially the UK) control of North America, while the Southern European (mainly Spanish and Portuguese) dominate Central and South America ,

At first the British settled in the Atlantic coast of North America. Then some of those who inhabit the southern part of the area was declared the country as the United States. At the time of independence the United States consists of 13 states. Furthermore, the United States expand its territory to the west, so that up to the Pacific Ocean. After 200 years of independence, the United States has now managed to become the US Attorney Adi.

50 states of the United States is as follows:

Alabama

Alaska

Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida

Georgia

Hawaii

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Montana

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico

new York

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

South Dakota

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

State geography

With an area of ​​9.86363 million square kilometers puts the United States in the fourth largest in the world. United States in the North American continent. This continent was discovered by Columbus in the year in 1492.

The boundaries of the United States is:

- West: Canada

- West: the Pacific Ocean

- South: the Gulf of Mexico and the State of Mexico

- East: Atlantic

About nature

Amerikat state (without Alaska and Hawaii) from west to east is divided into four, as follows:

1. The narrow plains west coast overlooking the Pacific Ocean.

2. Complex of the Rocky Mountains, there is a high plains of Colorado and Great Basin.

3. The area between the mountains in the middle, there is the Central Plain and the Great Plain, in this part of the Mississippi river flows with its tributaries.

4. Alleghany Mountains and the Appalachians that extends from north to south.

The highest peak on the continent of North America is Mount McKinley which reaches a height of 6,000 meters in Alaska, in the continental United States Whitney peak reaches 4,418 meters, in the Sierra Nevada. Mississippi along the longest river is 3,222 km, called the Mississippi downstream and upstream section named Missouri.

The climate in the United States are affected by various factors, including the location of latitude (25 ° N - 48 ° N), the height of the sea and so on. Based on several factors that the climate in the United States can be grouped into:

1. The west coast

This area is gaining influence wet westerly winds. Rain falls on the western slopes of the mountains of the coast.

2. Regional Rocky Mountains

In this area the rainfall is very less. The more to the south more dry, as in the state of Arizona and Mexico. These areas form the steppes, while in the Mohave desert areas of Arizona are.

3. Regional Gread Plains

This area in the summer wind blowing cold (cold waves) from the north and wind (hot waves) dar Gulf of Mexico. Both of these winds sometimes cause cyclone called tornado caused damage in the states of Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama.

4. The east coast

In the northern mountains Appalichia temperature in the summer is quite high, while in winter the temperature is cold enough. Florida peninsula pretty cool because the air is influenced by the sea breeze.

Climate

Moderate oceanic climate, located in the eastern United States

The sea was wet climate, located in the northern plains of the west coast of very high rainfall.

Sub-tropical climate, located on the west coast of the southern plains.

Dry climate there is a plateau in Colorado and Great Basin.

Steppe climate in the prairies (west plains of the Mississippi).

Cold climate there are in the state of Alaska.

Tropical marine climate found in the Hawaiian Islands.

Income per capita: $ 49.922

GDP: $ 15.7 billion

Population: 314.2 million

United Arab Emirates

As with Qatar, almost all countries in the Arabian peninsula has revenue from oil and gas. Including the United Arab Emirates is one of them, the country is nearly 80 percent of revenues from oil and gas, making the country's sixth-richest country in the world and one of the world tourist destination visited by tourists either locally or internationally.

Income per capita: $ 49.012
GDP: $ 271 billion
Population: 5.5 million

Switzerland

 

Switzerland is a country in Europe which is famous for its economic sector khusnya in banking. With the banking foundation and a strong economy makes many entrepreneurs save money numbering billions of dollars in this country. Many also run investment industry in this country. And of course the people that discipline to make this country a solid state in all cheating and into a clean state.

Switzerland is a small country located in the heart of Europe between France, Germany, Austria and Italy and is famous for the scenery is very charming and the country setting an unusual but interesting. More than 25% composed of natural Swiss mountains. This country has a population of more than 7 million people and has four official languages including German, French, Italian and Romansh. However, most residents speak English, making the country an attractive place to visit and to live.

Switzerland is famous for its financial institutions, high-quality cheese, chocolate, industry, watchmaking as well as the sights and public transport links are excellent. Its capital is Berne; Other major cities include Basel, Geneva, Lucerne, Lugano and Zurich. Events, such as the Zurich Street Parade, Fete du Geneve and Verbier Extreme is one of the main attractions that attract tourists from around the world

Income per capita: $ 45.418
GDP: $ 363 Billion
Population: 8 million  

Holland

 

The Netherlands is the central trade in the world which has the largest port in the world. In addition to a disciplined society, obey the rules, this country has 3 important factors in the development of their economies. Three factors are agriculture, mining and manufacturing industries. The people here have a high level of life and prosperity.
 
Holland or the Netherlands?Kingdom of the Netherlands consists of the Netherlands itself and the six islands of Aruba and the Netherlands Antilles in the Caribbean Sea. The official name of this country is the Netherlands, which means 'a country that is in a low land', because most of the land is or below the water surface elevation.Today, the Netherlands is also known as 'Holland', a name that refers to the two provinces located on the west coast, North and South Holland, which is part of the most developed and richest during the 17th century.

SocietyFor decades, the country's historical ties with other parts of the world has brought many foreign nationals residing in the Netherlands brought some of their own ideas and culture. This makes the Netherlands in general to be a nation that is open-minded and tolerant. Dutch society has now become a place of origin for more than 190 different nations.Although the Netherlands became the national language, most people also speak English and often other foreign languages ​​such as German or French.Another characteristic of the Dutch is openness and lugasnya behavior. You can talk as it is, the Dutch are not easily offended.

Tourism
 There are many places that can be seen in the Netherlands, either by walking through the city, take a boat trip on the canal or lake, relax on the beach or walking through the woods and dunes.Many big international music stars are routinely performed in stadiums and smaller venues in the Netherlands. Musicals and theaters are also very popular and the Netherlands has more than 1,000 museums to explore.And do not be surprised if a lot of people wearing orange and partying in the street on Queen's Day or during the international football championship.

Population 
Dutch people are mostly descendants of Germans who settled in the region in ancient times. But the Netherlands also has become a sanctuary for immigrants from many lands. Among them were the Jews who were expelled from Spain and Portugal in the 1500s and persecuted in Germany in the 1900s. Recent immigrants came from the former Dutch colony that is now the independent state of Indonesia and Suriname.LanguageDutch is the main language of the Netherlands. This is a form of Low German spoken in the northern region. This language was first spoken by the Franks. Franks was the Germans who migrated from the east and settled there in the 300s. Dutch language related to modern German and English.In the northern province of Friesland, Frisian language is accepted as an official language along with Dutch standards. Frisian language is a Germanic language closest to English. The Dutch are also taught to speak English.

Religion 
The Dutch were evenly split between Roman Catholic and Protestant. Catholics tend to live in the south, were Protestants living mainly in the north and west. The largest single Protestant sects in this country is the Dutch Reformed Church. The Netherlands is also home to a small number of Jews and Muslims. The Netherlands has a long tradition in terms of religious tolerance. Freedom of worship is guaranteed in the constitution.

Education
 Dutch schools supported by the government. Children must attend school from age 4 to 16 years. After primary school, they can forward it to one of several types of secondary schools, depending on ability. These schools equip students with general education or vocational (trade) or prepare them to enter university. Leiden University, the oldest in the country, founded in 1575.Food and DrinkMost Dutch people are friendly and very loving country. Dutch food is simple and delicious. Cheeses such as Gouda and Edam (named for the cities in which they are produced) enjoyed around the world. Typical winter dish is erwtensoep, the thick pea soup.Indonesian food is very popular. One is rijsttafel ("rice table"), or rice with a variety of meat, fish and vegetable dishes were spiced. Other dishes are fried rice or fried rice with shrimp, pork, or chicken and so on. Fish, especially the salted herring, an important part of Dutch food. Netherlands is also known for various kinds of lager and ale.

Landscape
 Netherlands borders Germany to the east, Belgium to the south, and the North Sea in the west and north.The Netherlands can be divided into three regions, namely the narrow area of ​​dunes stretching along the North Sea coast; western lowland; and eastern highlands are a little higher. Western lowlands, where most people live in cities that are very close to each other, situated below sea level. This region is protected from the sea by dunes and dykes and dams. Eastern plateau has slowly rolling landscape. The highest point in the province of Limburg in the southeast.Lakes, Rivers and CanalsMany colored lake landscape in the north. The winding river divides the mainland to the North Sea. Canals connect the various parts of the country. Western delta region formed by the three biggest rivers, namely Rijn (Rhine), with branches that much; Maas (Meuse); and Schelde. Many rivers and canals makes the Netherlands is the country with one of the densest network of waterways in the world.

Reclaiming land from the sea 
The western region of the Netherlands was once a large marsh, separated from the North Sea only by the narrow sand dunes. The Netherlands have increased their area through the drying area. Embankment built around the flooded area, and the water pumped by windmills. Drained areas-referred to polder- now make up about a third of the total land area of ​​the Netherlands.Schiphol Airport in Amsterdam, one of the busiest airports in the world, built on a polder that was once a lake Haarlem. Today most of the drainage pumps driven by electricity or diesel engine. There are still about 1,000 windmills in the country. They are carefully preserved as a national treasure, but most no longer be used to pump water.A large-scale reclamation projects involving the Zuider Zee (South Sea). Before an inlet of the North Sea, Zuider Zee protected from the sea by the dam and turn into freshwater lakes, now called IJsselmeer (Lake Ijssel). Five large polder created in this area. After years of rainfall remove the salt sea, this area is now a prosperous farm site.Delta Works, the largest water control project in the history of the world, was completed in 1986. The project consists of a series of dams which are placed between the islands that make up the province of Zeeland in the southwest. This area is a disaster in 1953, when the giant waves driven by high winds destroyed the levees. Flooding occurs and killed about 1,800 people and left thousands of people homeless. In addition to reclaiming more land, it is expected that the Delta project will prevent such a disaster from happening again.

Climate
 Moderate climate in the Netherlands. Summer temperatures average around 17 ° C and winter temperatures around 1 ° C. Periods of rain are common. About 760 millimeters of rain fell throughout the year.

Natural resources
The Netherlands has limited natural resources, but it has one of the largest natural gas reserves in the world. Oil mined in the North Sea. Salt are also mined.EconomicsAgriculture, fisheries, shipping, and trade traditionally the main economic activity of the Netherlands. Manufacturing now play a dominant role in the economy. Banking and other services are also vital. The Netherlands is a member of the original European Economic Community, which was established in 1957 and is now called the European Union (EU, European Union).ServiceThe service industry accounts for more than 70 percent of the economy. They employ more than 70 percent of the workforce. From government services to tourism services, banking, and business and personal, the Netherlands has one of the strongest economies in the EU services.ManufacturingManufacturing shaping up to about 26 percent of the economy. This sector employs 23 percent of the workforce. Goods produced primarily processed food, metal and engineering products, machinery and electrical equipment, chemicals, petroleum products, and microelectronics.Agriculture and FisheriesDutch agriculture is usually small. Only about 4 percent of the labor force engaged in agriculture. But agriculture is widely cultivated by mechanical means and produce a surplus for export. The main crops include wheat, flax (used to make linen), oats, potatoes, sugar beets, vegetables, and fruits. Fresh flowers and bulbs, especially tulips, hyacinths and daffodils are also grown in large quantities. All exported worldwide. 

However, the dairy farm is the most important part of the agricultural economy. Most of the land is used for grazing dairy cows. The Netherlands is famous for dairy products such as cheese, milk, and butter. Cattle and other livestock are also raised for meat. Dutch fishing industry has been around for centuries and are still contributing to the economy. The main catches are herring, mackerel, cod, haddock, and eel.

Trading 
The location of this country in the North Sea has made it a natural trading center. Not only trade with many countries around the world, but the ships also carry goods going to and from countries along the River Rhine. The most important trading partners are Belgium, Britain, Germany, USA, France, and Italy.

Transportation 
The Netherlands has a railway line along the 2,808 kilometers that connects all the major cities. The country also has 116 500 kilometers along the highway. International airport located in Amsterdam and Rotterdam.Dutch merchants and sailors ever to make their nation into a leading world power. Port city and port located in Amsterdam, Delfzijl, Dordrecht, Eemshaven, Groningen, Haarlem, IJmuiden, Maastricht, Rotterdam, Terneuzen, Utrecht, and Vlissingen.CommunicationAbout 60 radio stations and 20 television stations broadcast in the Netherlands. Cell phone use continues to rise. And more than 14 million Internet users are served by more than 50 Internet service providers (ISPs). The main daily newspaper in the country, De Telegraaf, published in Amsterdam.Major citiesAmsterdam is the official capital and largest city in the Netherlands. It has a population of approximately 800,000 and is the center of the country trade, banking, and industry Netherlands. Den Haag, with a population of 505,000 inhabitants, located about 48 kilometers south of Amsterdam. This city is the center of the Dutch government and became the site of the International Court, the organ of the United Nations (UN).Rotterdam, with a population of about 615,000 inhabitants, is the second largest city in the country. Rotterdam-Europoort is the biggest port in the world and the gateway to many Western European deliveries. Other famous Dutch city of Haarlem, a city flower market; Groningen, in the north central market; Eindhoven, the industrial center; and the old university cities of Leiden and Utrecht.

Culture HistoryIn the early 1500s, humanism -gerakan intellectual who grew up in the days Renaissance- spread from Italy to northern Europe. Desiderius Erasmus, a Dutch scholar and pastor, became the leading humanists in the north. His writings uphold Christian values ​​while challenging the practices of the Catholic church leaders.

At that time, the Dutch began to produce works of art, an achievement that continues to this day. Among the most famous Dutch master was Hieronymus Bosch, Rembrandt, Frans Hals, Jan. Vermeer, Pieter de Hooch, Jacob van Ruisdael, Vincent van Gogh, Piet Mondrian, and MC Escher.Collection of art hanging in some famous museums in the world. Museums, among others, the Rijksmuseum (National Museum) and the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam, the Mauritshuis in The Hague, and the Kröller-Müller Museum in Otterlo near Arnhem. Stedelijk (Municipal) Museum, in Amsterdam, is devoted mainly to modern art.There are modern sculptures are striking in many cities, particularly in Amsterdam and Rotterdam. Utrecht and Amsterdam have a statue dedicated to Anne Frank. He is a German-Dutch Jewish girl who died in a concentration camp during World War II. Diary, published after his death, made him famous. The Netherlands also has several concert halls, such as The Hague Philharmonic, Netherlands Chamber Orchestra and the Royal Concertgebouw Amsterdam. The latter is regarded as one of the best symphony orchestras in the world.Government

Kingdom of the Netherlands is a constitutional monarchy. The royal family belongs to the House of Orange-Nassau, founded by William I, Prince of Nassau and Prince of Orange, in the 1500s. All king of the Netherlands in the 1900s was the Queen. Queen Wilhelmina ruled from 1890 to 1948. Queen Juliana reigned from 1948 to 1980 and Queen Beatrix ruled from 1980 to 2013. When Beatrix retired, his son, Willem-Alexander, became king. King serves as head of state. But the leadership of the government lies in the Council of Ministers. Council is headed by a prime minister.The legislative body is the Staten Generaal (States General), consists of two assemblies. 75 members Eerste Kamer (First Assembly) elected by twelve provincial council for a term of 4 years. 150 members of the Tweede Kamer (Second Assembly) directly elected by the people for a term of 4 years. Legislation is done in the Second Assembly and must be approved by the First Assembly. The prime minister and other cabinet members appointed by the king from political parties with a majority in the States-General. The State Council, led by the king and serves as an advisory body. 

Income per capita: $ 42.194
GDP: $ 707 billion
Population: 16.8 million